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Hari Krishen Kaul’s Stories: A Kashmiri Literary Legacy

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Introduction: The Literary World of Hari Krishen Kaul Hari Krishen Kaul (1934–2009) occupies a distinguished place in the history of modern Kashmiri literature. A gifted short-story writer, playwright and novelist, Kaul possessed an extraordinary ability to explore the complexities of human relationships, the contradictions of society and the anxieties of ordinary life. His writings reflect Kashmir not merely as a geographical landscape of mountains, rivers and valleys, but as a living society shaped by cultural traditions, changing values, political uncertainty and the universal struggles of human existence. His literary vision extended beyond the immediate circumstances of his time. Through subtle humour, penetrating satire and profound psychological insight, Kaul examined the lives of ordinary people whose experiences often revealed uncomfortable truths about society. His characters are familiar figures drawn from middle-class households, government offices and neighbourhoods, yet t...
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Dr. Ved Kumari Ghai: Eminent Sanskrit Scholar from Jammu and Kashmir

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            (Photo of Dr. Ved Kumari Ghai) Dr. Ved Kumari Ghai was a scholar, professor, intellectual, social activist and was held in high esteem in Jammu. She was the reputed Sanskrit professor and scholar and was well versed in Hindi as well as Dogri languages. Ved Kumari Gai was a literary figure of Jammu and Kashmir and his contribution to Sanskrit language, literature and society was well recognised. Ghai was born on 16th December 1931, in Partap Garh Mohallah, Jammu. She completed her school education in Jammu and passed masters degree in Sanskrit from Punjab university in 1953 and MA in Ancient History and Culture in 1958 and then PhD in Sanskrit from BHU in 1960. She was an acclaimed professor and scholar of Sanskrit and she had the distinction of having been the privilege of presiding the literary. social and religious functions. She was involved in literary and social services throughout his life.  Basically she was appointed as a professor ...
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Tilakacharya: The Buddhist Scholar and Adviser in Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin’s Court

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Tilakacharya: A Buddhist Adviser to Budshah Tilakacharya holds a distinctive, though sparsely recorded, place in the historical narrative of the Kashmir Sultanate. Early accounts describe him as a Bauddha Acharya, or a Parmukh, who rose to become an influential adviser to Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din Zain-ul-Abidin, the illustrious ruler of Kashmir from 1420 to 1470, affectionately revered by his people as Budshah, meaning the Great King. The Buddhist Parmukhs of Central Asia To comprehend the reasons behind the appointment of Buddhist Parmukhs by certain Muslim sovereigns, it is essential to examine the historical connections with Central Asia. Derived from the Sanskrit term Pramukha, signifying a leader or chief, the designation Parmukh was associated with the hereditary custodians of the renowned Nava Vihara monastery at Balkh, several of whom traced their origins to Kashmir. These distinguished intellectuals possessed exceptional linguistic abilities, mastering Sanskrit, Bactrian, Tibetan,...
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Historic Shiv temple, Gundi Jaffar, Sadoora in Anantnag

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Background and location:          (Temple in dilapidated condition) The Shivalaya/Shiv Temple is situated in the Gundi Jaffar area of Vessu near Sadoora Railway station, Anantnag. It is a historical shrine of Kashmiri Hindus known for its strange structure and shape of Shiva Lingum. This temple was constructed in 1970 on land donated by Amar Nath Pandit, a resident of the village. The sacred Dhara-linga, or Shiva-linga, was discovered by Pandit Lassa Koul of Gundi Jaffar, who was working in the Forest Department. He found it beneath a tree in a dense forest near Lamber in Devsar, Kulgam district. Lamber is also known in official records as Brinial Lamar or Lammer and is situated in the Kund area of Kulgam. After its discovery, the ancient Shiva-linga was first brought to Vasuk Nag at Kund. It was later shifted to the present temple at Gundi Jaffar. According to eyewitnesses, the sacred stone was transported by truck to its present location. The newly constructed...
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Ancient old Shiv Temple at Qazigund

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               (Shiv Mandir, Qazigund )          (Entrance Door of the shiv Temple)  Introduction :  I first visited this sacred Shiv Temple at Qazigund with one of our neighbours, Sh. K. N. Bhat, who resides in a rented accommodation in a building where we are temporarily putting up. He originally hails from Tarigam village in Qazigund. I visited this temple on several occasions along with his family during summers. From Bhat Sahab, I got to know about this temple and he told me in deep detail about the temple's religious, cultural and spiritual significance with regard to KP community. There is also a KP shopkeeper, Sh. Inderjeet Tickoo, who resides near this shiv temple and many a times he used to accompany me to this sacred and pious place and seeks blessings from Lord Shiva.  Located in the historical town of Qazigund, at the foothills of the majestic Pir Panjal mountain range, stands the ancient Sanata...
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Ghani Kashmiri: A Persian Poetic Luminary

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          (Portrait of Ghani Kashmiri Poet) Introduction: This illustrious seventeenth-century poet flourished during the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb and continues to command an eminent position in the illustrious annals of Persian literature. A towering literary figure from Kashmir, he left an indelible imprint on the evolution of Persian and Urdu poetry in the Indian subcontinent. Renowned as an accomplished exponent of Sabk-e-Hindi, or the Indian Style of Persian poetry, which received considerable patronage under the Mughal emperors, his poetic genius transcended geographical and linguistic boundaries. Such was his literary eminence that Mirza Ghalib translated more than forty of his couplets into Urdu, an enduring testimony to the profound admiration he inspired among subsequent generations of poets. The celebrated Kashmiri poet Ghulam Ahmad Mahjoor also pays homage to this remarkable literary luminary in his renowned poem, ‘Arise, O Gardener!’ You know ther...
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